Author: Vanessa 14 Apr. 2025 Category: Applications
Ⅰ. Working principle of oil mist dust removal equipment
Oil mist dust removal equipment is an environmentally friendly device specially used to capture, separate and purify oil mist, oil smoke and emulsion aerosol generated in industrial production processes. It is widely used in industrial fields such as mechanical processing, metal cutting, forging, heat treatment, etc. Its core function is to remove oil particles in the air by physical or chemical methods. Its working process can be divided into four key stages:
(1) Inertial separation stage:
When large particles of oil mist (usually >10μm) encounter a baffle or cyclone device at the inlet of the equipment, they are separated from the airflow trajectory due to inertia, collide with the collection surface and condense into larger droplets, and finally flow into the oil collection tank under the action of gravity. This stage can remove about 60-70% of the oil mist mass.
(2) Filtration interception stage:
After inertial separation pretreatment filtration, large particles are basically all outside the oil mist dust removal equipment. In this way, the filtered oil mist gas enters the next filtration stage from bottom to top through the bottom air inlet. When medium-sized oil mist (1-10μm) passes through the fiber filter layer, it is affected by the following three mechanisms:
- Direct interception: particles are captured by contact with fibers;
- Inertial collision: particles cannot turn with the airflow due to their large mass;
- Brownian diffusion: tiny particles make irregular movements and contact fibers;
- The filtration efficiency at this stage can usually reach 85-95%.
(3) Electrostatic precipitation stage (equipped in some equipment):
Tiny oil mist particles (<1μm) are charged when passing through the high-voltage electrostatic field and are then adsorbed by the opposite electrode. The voltage is usually maintained at 12-15kV, and the capture efficiency of submicron particles can reach more than 99%.
(4) Coagulation and emission stage:
The captured oil mist particles aggregate into large droplets on the surface of the filter material. When they reach a certain weight, they automatically fall off and are collected in the oil storage container through the guide device. The purified air is discharged from the equipment.
Ⅱ. Main components of oil mist dust removal equipment
(1) Air intake system:
- Flow equalization device: porous plate or guide vane to ensure uniform airflow distribution;
- Pre-filter: metal mesh or coarse filter cotton to remove large particle impurities;
- Air volume control valve: manual or electric adjustment device.
(2) Core filter unit:
- Primary filter layer: usually made of melt-blown polypropylene material, pore size 20-50μm;
- Main filter layer: glass fiber or synthetic fiber, pore size 1-10μm;
- Fine filter layer (optional): HEPA or ULPA filter material for submicron particles.
(3) Oil mist separation device:
- Cyclone separator: uses centrifugal force to separate larger oil droplets;
- Electrostatic module: ionization zone (discharge electrode) and collection zone (ground electrode);
- Coalescer: fiber material with special surface treatment promotes the merging of oil droplets.
(4) Oil collection and drainage system:
- Oil collection tank: stainless steel container with liquid level observation window;
- Oil drain valve: manual or automatic solenoid valve;
- Oil pump (optional): used for long-distance transportation of recovered oil.
(5) Control system:
- Pressure difference monitoring: monitor the blockage of filter material;
- Fan speed regulation: frequency conversion control energy-saving operation;
- Safety protection: overload, leakage and other protection devices.
(6) Shell structure:
- Main frame: galvanized steel plate or aluminum alloy;
- Sealing system: oil-resistant rubber gasket;
- Inspection door: with safety interlock device.
III. Industry significance and development trend of oil mist dust removal equipment
1. Promote green manufacturing and sustainable development
- Reducing oil mist emissions can reduce VOCs (volatile organic compounds) and PM2.5 pollution, and help achieve the “dual carbon” goal.
- Comply with ISO 14001 environmental management system requirements and improve the company’s ESG (environment, society, governance) rating.
2. Improve corporate competitiveness
A clean production environment can improve employee satisfaction and reduce occupational disease disputes. Factories that meet international standards (such as ISO 8573-1 Class 0) are more likely to receive orders from high-end customers (such as the automotive, aviation, and semiconductor industries).
3. Adapt to the trend of intelligence and automation
Modern oil mist dust removal equipment integrates IoT monitoring (such as real-time PM2.5 sensors) and AI predictive maintenance, which can dynamically adjust air volume and reduce energy consumption, becoming an important part of smart factories.
As the global manufacturing industry continues to increase its requirements for clean production and occupational health, Trenntech’s oil mist dust removal technology represents the advanced level of current industrial air purification. Its unique “mechanical-electrostatic-coalescing” three-stage purification architecture not only solves the contradiction between the processing efficiency and operating energy consumption of traditional equipment, but also significantly reduces the life cycle cost through the intelligent operation and maintenance system. In the future, Trenntech will continue to lead the oil mist treatment in the direction of “zero emission, intelligence, and resource utilization”, provide key technical support for the sustainable development of the global manufacturing industry, and redefine the balance point between the economic efficiency and ecological benefits of industrial environmental management.